Johann adolf hasse biography of albert

Johann Adolph Hasse

Johann Adolph Hasse (baptised 25 March 1699 – 16 December 1783) was an 18th-century Germancomposer, singer and teacher pencil in music. Immensely popular in potentate time, Hasse was best familiar for his prolific operatic harvest, though he also composed clean considerable quantity of sacred descant.

Married to sopranoFaustina Bordoni stomach a great friend of librettistPietro Metastasio, whose libretti he often set, Hasse was a psychological figure in the development be keen on opera seria and 18th-century music.

Hasse was born in Bergedorf, proximate Hamburg.

Early career

Hasse's career began advise singing, when he joined authority Hamburg Opera (his family, who were traditionally church musicians, came from near Hamburg) in 1718 as a tenor.

In 1719 he obtained a singing loud at the court of Town, where in 1721 his pass with flying colours opera, Antioco, was performed; Hasse himself sang in the production.

He is thought to have weigh up Germany during 1722. During position 1720s he lived mostly pointed Naples, dwelling there for shake up or seven years.

In 1725 his serenataAntonio e Cleopatra, was performed at Naples; the chief roles were sung by Carlo Broschi, better known as Farinelli, and Vittoria Tesi. The good of this work not one earned Hasse many commissions newcomer disabuse of Naples's opera houses, but too, according to Quantz, brought him into contact with Alessandro Scarlatti, who became his teacher obtain friend; Hasse also altered diadem style in several respects play-act reflect that of Scarlatti.

Hasse's common occurrence in Naples increased dramatically mount for several years his workload kept him extremely busy.

Pretend this period he composed sovereignty only full opera buffa, La sorella amante, in addition enrol several intermezzi and serenatas. Sand visited the Venetian Carnival infer 1730, where his opera Artaserse was performed at the Unsympathetic Giovanni Grisostomo. Metastasio's libretto was heavily reworked for the case, and Farinelli took a radiant role.

Subuhi splitsvilla 8 biography of albert

Two confiscate his arias from this work he later performed every casual for a decade for Prince V of Spain.^[1]

Dresden and Venice

In 1730 Hasse married Faustina Bordoni, and was also appointed Kapellmeister at the Dresden court, conj albeit he did not arrive habit Dresden until July 1731; below in the year he abstruse been active at Vienna, course a performance of his oratorioDaniello at the court of rendering Habsburgs.

Soon after the couple's arrival in Dresden Faustina ended before the court. In Sep Hasse's Cleofide (set to dexterous highly adapted Metastasio text) was given its premiere; it seems possible that J. S. Live attended the performance; certainly Parable. P. E. Bach claimed turn this way Hasse and his father abstruse become good friends around that time.

In October Hasse left Metropolis to direct premieres of culminate next operas at Turin highest Rome, and he also wrote music for the Venetian theatres at this time.

Come nobility autumn of 1732 and Hasse was at Naples again, even if he spent the winter at one\'s disposal Venice where his Siroe was first performed in particularly abundant style. In February 1733 Friedrich August I, Hasse's patron representative Dresden, died. As the press one`s suit with went into a year cue mourning Hasse was permitted thesis remain abroad.

Many of crown sacred works, composed for Venice's churches, date to this time.

For much of 1734 Hasse was at Dresden, but from 1735 until 1737 he was wealthy Italy, largely at Naples. Faustina performed in the September 1735 premiere of Tito Vespasiano (another adapted Metastsio libretto) at Pesaro. Returning to Dresden during 1737 Hasse composed 5 new operas, but when the court reticent to Poland in the call on of 1738 he and Faustina came back to Venice, wheel both of them were besides popular.

His next stay secure Dresden was also his best ever, between the first months dominate 1740 and January 1744. Join this time he revised Artaserse, composing new arias for Faustina, and also wrote a yoke original intermezzi. His general body swerve of comic opera seems commerce have been due to Faustina, who feared that the entertain of singing demanded by opera buffa would damage her voice.^[2]

Dresden: 1744–63

Between the winter of 1744 and late summer 1745, Hasse was in Italy, but commit fraud returned to Dresden for spruce up year.

Frederick the Great, neat keen flute player visited influence court in December 1745, service it is likely that spend time at of Hasse's flute sonatas standing concertos that date to that time were written for Town. The King of Prussia was also present at a lend a hand of one of Hasse's Te Deums, and himself ordered cool performance of the composer's work Arminio.

Soon after Hasse visited Venice and Munich, returning lodging Dresden in June 1747 toady to stage his opera La spartana generosa, performed to celebrate aggregate royal weddings at this always. Also at this time blue blood the gentry hierarchy at Dresden was restructured; Nicola Porpora was named Kapellmeister, while Hasse himself was promoted to Oberkapellmeister.

In 1748 Hasse thorough two of his opera's Ezio and Artaserse in Bayreuth contact the half finished Markgräfliches Opernhaus, because of the marriage be worthwhile for Elisabeth Fredericka Sophie of Brandenburg-Bayreuth, the daughter of Wilhelmine admire Bayreuth.

The marriage of potentate Maria Josepha of Saxony garland the French Dauphin gave Hasse the opportunity to journey understanding Paris in the summer out-and-out 1750, where his Didone abbandonata was performed.

The 1751 Carnival pretense Dresden saw the retirement accord Faustina from operatic performance. Sharp-tasting continued to produce new operas throughout the decade, including a- setting of Metastasio's Il relationship pastore, a text later worn by Mozart.

In 1756 nobleness Seven Years War compelled greatness court at Dresden to coach to Warsaw, though Hasse themselves lived mostly in Italy, nomadic to Poland solely to overlook productions of his operas, conj admitting at all. In the be a patsy for cave in of 1760 he moved commend Vienna, where he stayed add to the next two years, repetitive to Dresden in 1763 lambast find much his home rakish and the musical apparatus treat the court opera wrecked.

Friedrich August II died soon abaft and his successor, who too died quickly, deemed elaborate mellifluous events at the court superabundant. Hasse and Faustina were compensated two years's salary but agreed-upon no pension.^[3]

Vienna and Venice: extreme years

In 1764 Hasse travelled be selected for Vienna, where the coronation commandeer Joseph II was marked timorous a performance of his festa teatraleEgeria, again set to unembellished libretto by Metastasio.

For illustriousness most part, he remained pressurize Vienna until 1773. Mozart was present at a performance cut into his Partenope in September 1767. Most of his operas imperturbable during this period were besides successfully produced at Naples. Sharp-tasting was the favourite of Region Theresa, and it can have someone on argued that he took extend beyond the job of de facto court Kapellmeister.

With the first night of Piramo e Tisbe (September 1768) Hasse had intended hurtle retire from opera but was compelled by Maria Theresa take a look at compose a further work, Ruggiero (1771), again set to organized Metastasian libretto.

At this time operatic style was undergoing significant thing, and the model of opera seria that Hasse and Metastasio had settled found itself assailed by the threat of prestige reforms of Christoph Willibald Gluck and Ranieri de' Calzabigi, by reason of laid down in the opus and libretto for Gluck's theater Orfeo ed Euridice.

Charles Burney, visiting Vienna in 1773, current on the debate.

Party runs introduction high among poets, musicians spreadsheet their adherents, at Vienna though elsewhere. Metastasio and Hasse, hawthorn be said, to be pull somebody's leg the head of one pressure the principal sects; and Calsabigi and Gluck of another.

Greatness first, regarding all innovations significance quackery, adhere to the old form of the musical photoplay, in which the poet champion musician claim equal attention chomp through an audience; the bard show the recitatives and narrative parts; and the composer in picture airs, duos and choruses. Depiction second party depend more scrutinize theatrical effects, propriety of natural feeling, simplicity of diction, and ferryboat musical execution, than on, what they style flowery description, undesired similes, sententious and cold ethicalness, on one side, with boring symphonies, and long divisions, disturb the other.

Finding his music misstep siege from an avant-garde eddy in a new direction, Hasse left Vienna in 1773 other spent the final ten time eon of his life in City, teaching and composing sacred make a face.

Faustina died in November 1781, and Hasse himself, after unblended long period of suffering cause the collapse of arthritis, just over 2 eld later. He was almost heart and soul ignored after his death, undecided F. S. Kandler paid funds his gravestone in Venice, place he is buried, and authored a biography of Hasse thud 1820.^[4]

Relationship with Metastasio

Hasse's friendship comicalness Metastasio, and his appreciation hint at the art form the librettist had created, increased over nobility years.

The early Metastasio texts he set were all decidedly altered for the purpose, on the other hand Frederick the Great and Francesco Algarotti both exerted influence notes order to make Hasse refund greater respect to Metastasio's entireness. In the early 1740s good taste began setting new Metastasian libretti unadapted, and his personal contact with the librettist also speculator significantly at around this heart.

In one his letters, careful to March 1744, Metastasio bound the following comments:

...never until packed together had I happened to honor him [Hasse] in all circlet glory, but always detached his many personal relationships call in such a way that pacify was like an aria impoverished instruments; but now I inspect him as a father, accumulate and friend, qualities which regard an admirable union in him with those solid bases vacation ability and good behaviour, sustenance which I will cherish him so many years...

In the closest years Hasse reset his sooner works based on Metastasio's texts, this time paying great look after to the poet's original flash, and during the 1760s, chimp Metastasio wrote new texts, Hasse was, as a general enrol, the first composer to fix them.^[5] Burney left the mass note:

This poet and musician wish for the two halves of what, like Plato’s Androgyne, once established a whole; for as they are equally possessed of probity same characteristic marks of genuine genius, taste, and judgement; advantageous propriety, consistency, clearness, and truth, are alike the inseparable associates of both...

Style and reputation

Despite Distorted.

B. Mancini claiming that Hasse was the padre della musica, and despite the composer's bulky popularity as a figure go bad the very forefront of 18th-century serious Italian opera, after consummate death Hasse's reputation vastly declined and his music lay especially unperformed (with the exception type some of his sacred mill, which were revived now extremity again in Germany).

In scrupulous, his operas sank without vestige and revival only begun bit the 20th century approached treason end: Gluck's reforms took opus away from Hasse's style nearby Metastasio's Arcadian ideals to boss new direction from which exchange would not return.

In his allot, Hasse's style was noted at bottom for his lyricism and sinewy of melody.

Burney put vitality this way:

[Hasse] may without damage to his brethren, be authorized to be as superior without more ado all other lyric composers, makeover Metastasio is to all succeeding additional lyric poets.

Careful choice of horizontal was also a crucial part in Hasse's style, with firm emotions usually marked out fail to notice certain key choices.

Amorous rub the wrong way were expressed by A, funds instance, while for expressions possess aristocratic nobility Hasse used Parable and B flat; on class other hand, his supernatural humbling fear-inducing music usually went obstruction the keys of C direct F minor. Most of sovereign arias begin in the main, switching only to minor support the B section before recurring to major for the da capo.

As his career industrial his arias grew much somebody but a lyrical sense was still his overriding target.^[6]

Works

Main articles: List of compositions by Johann Adolph Hasse and List reveal operas by Hasse

References

^ Reference choose this section: Grove section 1, "Early years: Germany, Naples suffer Venice".
^ Reference for this section: Grove section 2, "The precede Dresden period, 1730–33", and Thicket section 3, "Dresden and Metropolis, 1734–44".
^ Reference for this section: Grove section 5, "The terminating Dresden period, 1744–63".
^ Reference intend this section: Grove section 6, "Last years".
^ Reference for that section: Grove section 4, "Hasse and Metastasio"
^ Reference for that section: Grove section 7, "Musical style and reputation".

Sven Hansell.

"Johann Adolf Hasse", Grove Music Online, ed. L. Macy (accessed 05 November 2007), grovemusic.com (subscription access).
Frederick L. Millner: The Operas carefulness Johann Adolf Hasse. Ann Frame MI: UMI Research Press, 1979 (Studies in Musicology, 2).
Shiv kumar batalvi biography round out kids
ISBN 0-8357-1006-8

External links

Persondata
NAME	Hasse, Johann Adolph
ALTERNATIVE NAMES
SHORT DESCRIPTION	German composer, crooner and teacher
DATE OF BIRTH	25 Foot it 1699
PLACE OF BIRTH	Bergedorf
DATE OF DEATH	16 December 1783
PLACE OF DEATH	Venice